• One kilobyte is equal to 210, or 1024 bytes.
• One megabyte (1 MByte) is equal to 220, or 1,048,576 bytes.
• One gigabyte (1 GByte) is equal to 230, or 10243, or 1,073,741,824 bytes.
• One terabyte (1 TByte) is equal to 240, or 10244, or 1,099,511,627,776 bytes.
• One petabyte is equal to 250, or 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes.
• One exabyte is equal to 260, or 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 bytes.
• One zettabyte is equal to 270 bytes.
• One yottabyte is equal to 280 bytes

• A binary integer is an integer stored in memory in its raw format, ready to be used in a calculation. Binary integers are stored in multiples of 8 bits (such as 8, 16, 32, or 64).

• This is a model for explaining how computers work.
• Virtual Machine: A software program that emulates functions of another physical/virtual computer.

• Let VM0 run L0 (Language 0) which is lover level than L1 run by VM1
• VM1 will translate (compile) or interpret (interpreter) a higher level simpler language and hand it off to VM0
• If VM1 is still too complicated for human use VM2 is created even more abstraction

 

• This leads us to this model for the levels of abstraction
  • Note: ISA=Machine Code